| 교향곡 제6번(Symphony No. 6) | ||||
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| 작곡 | 필립 글래스 | |||
| 가사 | 앨런 긴즈버그(Allen Ginsberg) | |||
| 필립 글래스의 교향곡 | ||||
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교향곡 제5번 (1999) |
→ |
교향곡 제6번 (2002) |
→ |
교향곡 제7번 (2005) |
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1. 개요
미국의 현대음악 작곡가 필립 글래스가 2002년에 발표한, 그의 6번째 교향곡이다.2. 내용
2.1. 앨런 긴즈버그의 플루토니언 송가
앨런 긴즈버그(Allen Ginsberg)가 1978년에 발표한 시 플루토니언 송가(Plutonian Ode)에 기반한 작품이다. 플루토니언 송가는 군비 확장 경쟁(arms race)과 미소의 핵무기 확충에 반대하는 작품이다.긴즈버그의 플루토니언 송가는 그노시즘(Gnosticism, 그노시스주의)에 강하게 영향을 받은 작품이다. 그노시즘은 그노즈(gnose)를 통해서 구원에 이를 수 있다는 사유체계를 지닌 종파들을 일컫는다. 그노즈는 희랍어로 '앎', '인식'을 의미하는데, 그노시즘에서 사용될 때는 단순한 인식이 아닌 경이롭고 신비스러운 인식, 인간과 우주의 기원과 인간의 구원에 대한 신비한 지식을 지칭한다. 이러한 이유로 그노시즘은 영적인 지식을 추구하는 '영지주의'(靈智主義)로 번역된다. 긴즈버그는 한스 요나스(Hans Jonas)의 그노시즘 관련 책을 읽고, 그노시즘을 알게 됐다.
2.2. 구성
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1악장
핵과 방사능 오염에 대한 격렬한 항의를 담고 있다. 한 단어로 요약하자면, 반핵! -
2악장
치유를 향하여 돌아서는 장면을 담고 있다. -
3악장
개인적인 변신을 통하여 현현(epiphany)에 이른다. 현현(epiphany)은 평범하고 일상적인 대상 속에서 갑자기 경험하는 영원한 것에 대한 감각 혹은 통찰을 뜻하는 말이다. 원래 'epiphany'는 그리스어로 '귀한 것이 나타난다'는 뜻
2.3. 위촉
단체: 카네기 홀(Carnegie Hall) & 브루크너 하우스 린츠(Brucknerhaus Linz)목적: 필립 글래스의 65번째 생일 기념
2.4. 초연
날짜: 2002년 2월 3일장소: 카네기 홀(Carnegie Hall)
오케스트라: American Composers Orchestra
지휘: 데니스 러셀 데이비스(Dennis Russell Davies)
소프라노: Lauren Flanigan
2.5. 가사
The libretto is Allen Ginsberg's Plutonian Ode.대본은 앨런 긴즈버그의 플루토니언 송가이다.
I
1악장
What new element before us unborn in nature?
우리가 세상에 태어나기 전에 기본적인 요소가 무엇인가?
Is there a new thing under the Sun?
태양 밑에 새로운 것이 있는가?
At last inquisitive Whitman a modern epic, detonative, Scientific theme
First penned unmindful by Doctor Seaborg with poisonous hand, named for Death's planet through the sea beyond Uranus
whose chthonic ore fathers this magma-teared Lord of Hades, Sire of avenging Furies, billionaire Hell-King worshipped once
with black sheep throats cut, priest's face averted from underground mysteries in a single temple at Eleusis,
Spring-green Persephone nuptialed to his inevitable Shade, Demeter mother of asphodel weeping dew,
her daughter stored in salty caverns under white snow, black hail, gray winter rain or Polar ice, immemorable seasons before
Fish flew in Heaven, before a Ram died by the starry bush, before the Bull stamped sky and earth
or Twins inscribed their memories in cuneiform clay or Crab'd flood
washed memory from the skull, or Lion sniffed the lilac breeze in Eden—
Before the Great Year began turning its twelve signs, ere constellations wheeled for twenty-four thousand sunny years
slowly round their axis in Sagittarius, one hundred sixty-seven thousand times returning to this night
Radioactive Nemesis were you there at the beginning black Dumb tongueless unsmelling blast of Disillusion?
I manifest your Baptismal World after four billion years
I guess your birthday in Earthling Night, I salute your dreadful presence lasting majestic as the Gods,
Sabaot, Jehova, Atapheus, Adonaeus, Elohim, Iao, Ialdabaoth, Aeon from Aeon born ignorant in an Abyss of Light,
Sophia's reflections glittering thoughtful galaxies, whirlpools of starspume silver-thin as hairs of Einstein!
Father Whitman I celebrate a matter that renders Self oblivion!
Grand Subject that annihilates inky hands & pages' prayers, old orators' inspired Immortalities,
I begin your change, openmouthed exhaling into spacious sky over silent mills at Hanford, Savannah River, Rocky Flats, Pantex, Burlington, Albuquerque
I yell thru Washington, South Carolina, Colorado, Texas, Iowa, New Mexico,
where nuclear reactors create a new Thing under the Sun, where Rockwell war-plants fabricate this death stuff trigger in nitrogen baths,
Hanger-Silas Mason assembles the terrified weapon secret by ten thousands, & where Manzano Mountain boasts to store
its dreadful decay through two hundred forty millennia while our Galaxy spirals around its nebulous core.
I enter your secret places with my mind, I speak with your presence, I roar your Lion Roar with mortal mouth.
One microgram inspired to one lung, ten pounds of heavy metal dust adrift slow motion over gray Alps
the breadth of the planet, how long before your radiance speeds blight and death to sentient beings?
Enter my body or not I carol my spirit inside you, Unapproachable Weight,
O heavy heavy Element awakened I vocalize your consciousness to six worlds
I chant your absolute Vanity. Yeah monster of Anger birthed in fear O most
Ignorant matter ever created unnatural to Earth! Delusion of metal empires!
Destroyer of lying Scientists! Devourer of covetous Generals, Incinerator of Armies & Melter of Wars!
Judgment of judgments, Divine Wind over vengeful nations, Molester of Presidents, Death-Scandal of Capital politics! Ah civilizations stupidly industrious!
Canker-Hex on multitudes learned or illiterate! Manufactured Spectre of human reason! O Solidified imago of practitioner in Black Arts
I dare your Reality, I challenge your very being! I publish your cause and effect!
I turn the Wheel of Mind on your three hundred tons! Your name enters mankind's ear! I embody your ultimate powers!
My oratory advances on your vaunted Mystery! This breath dispels your braggart fears! I sing your form at last
behind your concrete & iron walls inside your fortress of rubber & translucent silicon shields in filtered cabinets and baths of lathe oil,
My voice resounds through robot glove boxes & ingot cans and echoes in electric vaults inert of atmosphere,
I enter with spirit out loud into your fuel rod drums underground on soundless thrones and beds of lead
O density! This weightless anthem trumpets transcendent through hidden chambers and breaks through iron doors into the Infernal Room!
Over your dreadful vibration this measured harmony floats audible, these jubilant tones are honey and milk and wine-sweet water
Poured on the stone block floor, these syllables are barley groats I scatter on the Reactor's core,
I call your name with hollow vowels, I psalm your Fate close by, my breath near deathless ever at your side
to spell your destiny. I set this verse prophetic on your mausoleum walls to seal you up Eternally with Diamond Truth! O doomed Plutonium.
II
2악장
The Bard surveys Plutonian history from midnight lit with Mercury Vapor street lamps till in dawn's early light
he contemplates a tranquil politic spaced out between Nations' thoughforms proliferating bureaucratic
& horrific arn'd, Satanic industries projected sudden with Five Hundred Billion Dollar Strength
around the world same time this text is set in Boulder, Colorado before front range of Rocky Mountains
twelve miles north of Rocky Flats Nuclear Facility in United States on North America, Western Hemisphere
of planet Earth six months and fourteen days around our Solar System in a Spiral Galaxy
the local year after Dominion of the last God nineteen hundred seventy eight
Completed as yellow hazed dawn clouds brightened East, Denver city white below
Blue sky transparent rising empty deep & spacious to a morning star high over the balcony
above some autos sat with wheels to curb downhill from Flatiron's jagged pine ridge,
sunlit mountain meadows sloped to rust-red sandstone cliffs above brick townhouse roofs
as sparrows waked whistling through Marine Street's summer green leafed trees.
III
3악장
This ode to you O Poets and Orators to come, you father Whitman as I join your side, you Congress and American people,
you present meditators, spiritual friends & teachers, you O Master of the Diamond arts,
Take this wheel of syllables in hand, these vowels and consonants to breath's end
take this inhalation of black poison to your heart, breathe out this blessing from your breast on our creation
forests cities oceans deserts rocky flats and mountains in the Ten Directions pacify with this exhalation,
enrich this Plutonian Ode to explode its empty thunder through earthen thought-worlds
Magnetize this howl with heartless compassion, destroy this mountain of Plutonium with ordinary mind and body speech,
thus empower this Mind-guard spirit gone out, gone out, gone beyond, gone beyond me, Wake space, so Ah!
Allen Ginsberg July 14, 1978
앨런 긴즈버그, 1978년 7월 14일